Closing the Gap: Developing a Model to Promote Mathematical Self-Efficacy in Parents
​Through Conceptual Understanding

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The proposed study seeks to build self-efficacy in parents through a self-paced online course that allows them to acquire a conceptual understanding of mathematics. The proposed research is framed using the Concrete-Representation-Abstract (CRA) instructional approach to bridge the connection between concrete and abstract.

​Answers to the following are sought: 

1. How do attitudes toward mathematics change in parents that receive CRA instruction?
2. What effect does the self-paced online course have on the ability to articulate conceptual understanding?
3. Is there a change in motivation regarding homework by the students and parents after receiving CRA instruction?

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